Which general was primarily responsible for the Union victory at Vicksburg?

The Union victory at Vicksburg is primarily attributed to Ulysses S. Grant, who played a crucial role in the battle and broader campaign. He led the Union forces with a strategic combination of siege warfare and maneuver, which effectively cut off supplies and reinforcements to the Confederate stronghold. Grant's leadership and determination were central to the successful siege that lasted from May 18 to July 4, 1863, ultimately leading to the surrender of the Confederate army at Vicksburg.

This victory was significant for the Union as it not only gave them control of the Mississippi River, effectively splitting the Confederacy in two, but also bolstered Union morale and Grant's reputation as a formidable commander, eventually leading to his appointment as General-in-Chief of the Union Army.