Which campaign by Sherman aimed at crippling the South’s war effort?

The campaign by Sherman that aimed at crippling the South's war effort is the March to the Sea. This military strategy involved a significant shift in tactics, where Union General William Tecumseh Sherman sought to disrupt the Confederacy’s ability to sustain its war efforts by targeting not only enemy combatants but also the economic infrastructure that supported them.

During the March to the Sea, which extended from Atlanta to Savannah in late 1864, Sherman's troops systematically destroyed railroads, factories, supplies, and even agricultural resources, which were vital to the Confederate economy. This total war approach was intended to break the will of the Southern populace and diminish their capacity to fight, emphasizing the impact of war on civilians as well as soldiers.

In contrast, while the Siege of Vicksburg, the Battle of Antietam, and the Atlanta Campaign were significant military engagements during the Civil War, they did not embody the same level of strategy aimed at systematically dismantling the Southern infrastructure and morale as did the March to the Sea. Sherman's campaign symbolized a new phase in warfare that recognized the importance of economic and psychological factors alongside traditional military victories.