Which 17th century English philosopher opposed the Divine Right of Kings and asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property?

John Locke is the 17th-century English philosopher known for opposing the Divine Right of Kings and advocating for the idea that individuals possess natural rights to life, liberty, and property. His philosophy is foundational for modern democratic thought and emphasizes the concept of a social contract, where government’s legitimacy is derived from the consent of the governed. Locke argued that people are entitled to certain inalienable rights simply by virtue of being human, and he believed that governments exist to protect these rights.

Locke's ideas significantly influenced political theory and laid the groundwork for the development of liberal democratic principles, particularly in the context of the American Revolution and the framing of the U.S. Constitution. His assertion that people have the right to revolt against a government that fails to uphold their rights further highlights his stance against absolute monarchy and tyrannical rule. Understanding Locke's contributions provides insight into the evolution of political philosophy and the development of concepts such as individualism and personal freedom.