What religious revival took place in the American colonies beginning in the 1730s and called for separations from church and state?

The First Great Awakening was a significant religious revival movement that began in the American colonies during the 1730s. This movement emphasized personal faith, emotional engagement in worship, and a profound individual relationship with God, challenging the established religious order of the time.

One of the key features of the First Great Awakening was its push against the established churches and the forms of worship that were still heavily influenced by colonial authority, leading to a call for separation between church and state. Prominent preachers like Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield encouraged people to seek a personal and heartfelt connection with God, often resulting in the formation of new denominations and a growing belief in religious pluralism.

This revivalism significantly altered the religious landscape in the colonies, leading people to advocate for greater religious freedom and a decrease in the control of government over religious practices. This aspect of the movement aligns with the idea of separating church and state, as it inspired individuals to question the existing structures that tied religion to political authority.

The other options represent different movements or periods: the Second Great Awakening occurred later, focused on social reforms in the early 19th century; the American Enlightenment emphasized reason and scientific thought over religious dogma; and the Reformation Movement primarily refers to